Co je to obloukov\u00fd v\u00fdboj?<\/h2>\n
Obloukov\u00fd v\u00fdboj je term\u00edn pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee \u0161patn\u00e9 elektrick\u00e9 odporov\u00e9 spoje v elektrick\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu zp\u016fsob\u00ed ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed elektrick\u00fd v\u00fdboj v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e sm\u011brem k jin\u00e9 nap\u011b\u0165ov\u00e9 f\u00e1zi nebo k zemi. N\u00e1sledn\u011b se v\u00fdrazn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed teplota a tlak v elektrick\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu. P\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e1 teplota a tlak maj\u00ed za n\u00e1sledek tzv. obloukov\u00fd v\u00fdboj neboli elektrickou explozi.<\/p>\n
\u0160kodliv\u00e1 nebezpe\u010d\u00ed obloukov\u00fdch v\u00fdboj\u016f<\/h3>\n
Pokud v\u00e1s p\u0159edstava v\u00fdbuchu elektrick\u00e9ho proudu nep\u0159esv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed, abyste investovali do anal\u00fdzy obloukov\u00e9ho v\u00fdboje, zde je n\u011bkolik neblah\u00fdch d\u016fsledk\u016f, kter\u00e9 mohou nastat v d\u016fsledku v\u00fdbuchu elektrick\u00e9ho oblouku.<\/p>\n
- \n
- Po\u017e\u00e1ry elektrick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/li>\n
- Tlakov\u00e9 vlny<\/li>\n
- L\u00e9taj\u00edc\u00ed st\u0159epiny<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Ka\u017ed\u00fd z t\u011bchto \u00fa\u010dink\u016f obloukov\u00e9ho v\u00fdboje m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 po\u0161kozen\u00ed zam\u011bstnanc\u016f v jeho hranic\u00edch - v nejhor\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpadech i smrt - a zna\u010dn\u00e9 \u0161kody na va\u0161em majetku. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee k t\u011bmto typ\u016fm v\u00fdbuch\u016f doch\u00e1z\u00ed bez p\u0159edchoz\u00edho upozorn\u011bn\u00ed, je nezbytn\u00e9 p\u0159ijmout co nejv\u00edce preventivn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed<\/a> jak je to jen mo\u017en\u00e9.<\/p>\n
Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny \u00farazu elektrick\u00fdm obloukem v elektrick\u00fdch instalac\u00edch<\/h3>\n
U n\u011b\u010deho tak \u0161kodliv\u00e9ho pro va\u0161i firmu v\u00e1s pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b zaj\u00edm\u00e1, co zp\u016fsobuje obloukov\u00fd v\u00fdboj. N\u00ed\u017ee spole\u010dnost Dreiym Engineering uv\u00e1d\u00ed nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny vzniku obloukov\u00e9ho v\u00fdboje v podnikov\u00fdch elektrick\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech:<\/p>\n
- \n
- Vadn\u00e1 elektrick\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161enstv\u00ed<\/li>\n
- Zt\u00ed\u017een\u00e1 izolace<\/li>\n
- Nevhodn\u00e1 instalace a \u00fadr\u017eba<\/li>\n
- Vysokonap\u011b\u0165ov\u00e9 kabely<\/li>\n
- Statick\u00e1 elekt\u0159ina<\/li>\n
- Styk elektrick\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed s vodou<\/li>\n
- Zkorodovan\u00e9 kabely<\/li>\n
- Odkryt\u00e9 vodi\u010de nebo vodi\u010de pod nap\u011bt\u00edm<\/li>\n
- Voln\u00e9 spoje<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
OSHA, obloukov\u00e9 z\u00e1blesky a v\u00fdvoj po\u017eadavk\u016f<\/h2>\n
Dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch standard\u016f pro va\u0161e zam\u011bstnance nen\u00ed jen altruistick\u00fd krok - je to z\u00e1konem vy\u017eadov\u00e1no. \u00da\u0159ad OSHA se sna\u017e\u00ed zajistit, aby v\u0161echny spole\u010dnosti poskytovaly sv\u00fdm zam\u011bstnanc\u016fm odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed pracovn\u00ed podm\u00ednky prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm \u0161kolen\u00ed, osv\u011bty, vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a pomoci.<\/p>\n
Pokud va\u0161e spole\u010dnost poru\u0161\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fd z bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch a hygienick\u00fdch po\u017eadavk\u016f stanoven\u00fdch \u00fa\u0159adem OSHA, hroz\u00ed j\u00ed vysok\u00e9 pokuty, po\u0161kozen\u00ed pov\u011bsti a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b i v\u011bzen\u00ed. Krom\u011b OSHA maj\u00ed sv\u00e9 po\u017eadavky, kter\u00e9 mus\u00ed podniky dodr\u017eovat, tak\u00e9 N\u00e1rodn\u00ed asociace po\u017e\u00e1rn\u00ed ochrany (NFPA), Institut elektrotechnick\u00fdch a elektronick\u00fdch in\u017een\u00fdr\u016f (IEEE) a N\u00e1rodn\u00ed p\u0159edpis pro elektrickou bezpe\u010dnost:<\/p>\n
Normy OSHA pro obloukov\u00fd v\u00fdboj<\/h4>\n
- \n
- OSHA 29 CFR 1910.132(d)(1)<\/li>\n
- OSHA 29 CFR 1910.332(b)(1)<\/li>\n
- OSHA 29 CFR 1910.333(b)(2)(iv)(B)<\/li>\n
- OSHA 29 CFR 1910.335(a)(1)(i)<\/li>\n
- OSHA 29 CFR 1910.335(a)(1)(v)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u010cl\u00e1nky p\u0159edpisu NFPA 70E, kter\u00e9 se vztahuj\u00ed na obloukov\u00fd v\u00fdboj<\/h4>\n
- \n
- \u010cl\u00e1nek 130.5<\/li>\n
- \u010cl\u00e1nek 130.7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u010cl\u00e1nky NESC, kter\u00e9 se vztahuj\u00ed na obloukov\u00fd v\u00fdboj<\/h4>\n
- \n
- \u010cl\u00e1nek 110.16(A)<\/li>\n
- \u010cl\u00e1nek 110.16(B)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
IEEE 1584<\/h4>\n
IEEE 1584 je P\u0159\u00edru\u010dka pro prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f nebezpe\u010d\u00ed \u00farazu elektrick\u00fdm obloukem. Od sv\u00e9ho vzniku v roce 2002 se vyv\u00edjela, aby zajistila p\u0159esnost anal\u00fdz obloukov\u00e9ho z\u00e1blesku. IEEE 1584 poskytuje u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 informace pro ur\u010den\u00ed konfigurac\u00ed elektrod, rozsah\u016f nap\u011bt\u00ed, velikost\u00ed kryt\u016f a dal\u0161\u00edch m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed nezbytn\u00fdch pro vyhodnocen\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Jak\u00e9 jsou kroky k dokon\u010den\u00ed anal\u00fdzy obloukov\u00e9ho v\u00fdboje?<\/h2>\n
Spole\u010dnost Dreiym Engineering si uv\u011bdomuje, \u017ee je nutn\u00e9 prov\u00e9st preventivn\u00ed anal\u00fdzu obloukov\u00e9ho z\u00e1blesku, a proto se nyn\u00ed zab\u00fdv\u00e1 kroky, kter\u00fdmi se p\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed anal\u00fdzy obloukov\u00e9ho z\u00e1blesku obvykle \u0159\u00edd\u00ed odborn\u00edci na elektrotechniku, aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 prov\u00e9st p\u0159esn\u00e9 posouzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch elektrick\u00fdch rozvr\u017een\u00ed<\/h3>\n
Prvn\u00edm krokem p\u0159i anal\u00fdze \u00farazu elektrick\u00fdm obloukem je shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed v\u0161ech st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch dokument\u016f o elektrick\u00e9m uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed. T\u00fdmu nebo jednotlivci prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00edmu anal\u00fdzu budete muset p\u0159edat dokumenty, jako jsou v\u00fdkresy p\u016fdorys\u016f a jedno\u0159\u00e1dkov\u00e1 sch\u00e9mata stoupa\u010dek.<\/p>\n
Pokud v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b nem\u00e1te dokumentaci elektrick\u00e9ho uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed, budete si ji muset nechat vytvo\u0159it. Ka\u017ed\u00fd d\u016fkladn\u00fd pr\u016fzkum v ter\u00e9nu vy\u017eaduje p\u0159esnou dokumentaci elektrick\u00fdch jedno- lini\u00ed. Dokumentace elektrick\u00fdch jedno\u0159\u00e1dk\u016f slou\u017e\u00ed jako mapa elektrick\u00fdch rozvod\u016f ve va\u0161em objektu, co\u017e je nezbytn\u00fd p\u0159edpoklad pro \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nou anal\u00fdzu obloukov\u00e9ho z\u00e1blesku.<\/p>\n
Nechte si ov\u011b\u0159it rozvr\u017een\u00ed dokumentace v ter\u00e9nu<\/h3>\n
Ve\u0161ker\u00e9 n\u00e1\u010drty a v\u00fdkresy mus\u00ed b\u00fdt p\u0159ed zpracov\u00e1n\u00edm softwarem pro anal\u00fdzu obloukov\u00e9ho z\u00e1blesku ov\u011b\u0159eny. Pro ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed dokument\u016f provedou odborn\u00edci ter\u00e9nn\u00ed pr\u016fzkum ka\u017ed\u00e9ho posuzovan\u00e9ho m\u00edsta.<\/p>\n
Aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 vytvo\u0159it co nejp\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed elektrick\u00fd jedno\u0159\u00e1dek, elektrotechni\u010dt\u00ed poradci pak zaznamenaj\u00ed v\u0161echny chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed informace na p\u016fvodn\u00edm jedno\u0159\u00e1dku. Pro \u0159\u00e1dnou kontrolu byste m\u011bli odstranit v\u0161echny kryty za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Konzultanti mus\u00ed m\u00edt mo\u017enost vid\u011bt v\u00fdrobce za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, jeho velikost, nastaven\u00ed, typ, po\u017eadovan\u00e9 kabely a d\u00e9lky kabel\u016f, hodnoty impedance a dal\u0161\u00ed \u00fadaje. Nest\u00e1v\u00e1 se \u010dasto, \u017ee by za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed musela kv\u016fli tomuto kroku odpojit nap\u011bt\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Nahr\u00e1n\u00ed dokumentace do softwaru pro anal\u00fdzu obloukov\u00e9ho z\u00e1blesku<\/h3>\n
Jakmile je jedno\u0159\u00e1dek vhodn\u011b aktualizov\u00e1n, mohou konzultanti dokumenty vlo\u017eit do softwaru pro anal\u00fdzu obloukov\u00e9ho z\u00e1blesku. Elektrik\u00e1\u0159\u0161t\u00ed konzultanti provedou pomoc\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00e9ho softwaru n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed testy.<\/p>\n
- \n
- Prove\u010fte posouzen\u00ed zkratu<\/em><\/li>\n
- Dokon\u010den\u00ed koordina\u010dn\u00ed studie<\/em><\/li>\n
- Vyhodnocen\u00ed na \u00fader elektrick\u00fdm obloukem<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Komplexn\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed syst\u00e9mu<\/h3>\n
Po proveden\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy najat\u00fd odborn\u00edk vytvo\u0159\u00ed a aplikuje \u0161t\u00edtky pro va\u0161e za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Krom\u011b toho spole\u010dn\u011b s v\u00e1mi pro\u0161kol\u00ed zam\u011bstnance o v\u00fdznamu \u0161t\u00edtk\u016f a spr\u00e1vn\u00fdch postupech elektrick\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n
V\u00fdhody investice do anal\u00fdzy obloukov\u00e9ho v\u00fdboje pro va\u0161i spole\u010dnost<\/h2>\n
- \n
- Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost va\u0161ich zam\u011bstnanc\u016f a n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edk\u016f objektu.<\/li>\n
- Optim\u00e1ln\u00ed ochrana firemn\u00edho vybaven\u00ed a majetku.<\/li>\n
- Pom\u00e1h\u00e1 va\u0161\u00ed spole\u010dnosti udr\u017eovat soulad s p\u0159edpisy NFPA, NESC a OSHA, \u010d\u00edm\u017e sni\u017euje riziko poru\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159edpis\u016f a pokut za n\u011b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Na adrese\u00a0Dreiym Engineering<\/a>, jsme odhodl\u00e1ni maximalizovat bezpe\u010dnost va\u0161eho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Nab\u00edz\u00edme celou \u0159adu elektroinstala\u010dn\u00edch slu\u017eeb, z nich\u017e si m\u016f\u017eete vybrat krom\u011b koroze a forenzn\u00ed<\/a> hodnocen\u00ed. A\u0165 u\u017e jsou va\u0161e pot\u0159eby jak\u00e9koliv, n\u00e1\u0161 t\u00fdm konzultant\u016f je tu pro v\u00e1s. Kontaktujte n\u00e1s je\u0161t\u011b dnes a dozv\u00edte se v\u00edce.<\/p>\n
![\"Kroky](\"https:\/\/vm6fr4whzn6.c.updraftclone.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/arc-flash-analysis-steps.jpg\")
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- Dokon\u010den\u00ed koordina\u010dn\u00ed studie<\/em><\/li>\n
- Prove\u010fte posouzen\u00ed zkratu<\/em><\/li>\n